compose/pkg/compose/create.go

/*
   Copyright 2020 Docker Compose CLI authors

   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   You may obtain a copy of the License at

       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   limitations under the License.
*/

package compose

import (
	"bytes"
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"net"
	"net/netip"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"slices"
	"strconv"
	"strings"

	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/paths"
	"github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/types"
	"github.com/containerd/errdefs"
	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/blkiodev"
	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/container"
	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/mount"
	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/network"
	"github.com/moby/moby/client"
	"github.com/moby/moby/client/pkg/versions"
	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
	cdi "tags.cncf.io/container-device-interface/pkg/parser"

	"github.com/docker/compose/v5/pkg/api"
)

type createOptions struct {
	AutoRemove        bool
	AttachStdin       bool
	UseNetworkAliases bool
	Labels            types.Labels
}

type createConfigs struct {
	Container *container.Config
	Host      *container.HostConfig
	Network   *network.NetworkingConfig
	Links     []string
}

func (s *composeService) Create(ctx context.Context, project *types.Project, createOpts api.CreateOptions) error {
	return Run(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
		return s.create(ctx, project, createOpts)
	}, "create", s.events)
}

func (s *composeService) create(ctx context.Context, project *types.Project, options api.CreateOptions) error {
	if len(options.Services) == 0 {
		options.Services = project.ServiceNames()
	}

	err := project.CheckContainerNameUnicity()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	err = s.ensureImagesExists(ctx, project, options.Build, options.QuietPull)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	err = s.ensureModels(ctx, project, options.QuietPull)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	prepareNetworks(project)

	networks, err := s.ensureNetworks(ctx, project)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	volumes, err := s.ensureProjectVolumes(ctx, project)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	var observedState Containers
	observedState, err = s.getContainers(ctx, project.Name, oneOffInclude, true)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	orphans := observedState.filter(isOrphaned(project))
	if len(orphans) > 0 && !options.IgnoreOrphans {
		if options.RemoveOrphans {
			err := s.removeContainers(ctx, orphans, nil, nil, false)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		} else {
			logrus.Warnf("Found orphan containers (%s) for this project. If "+
				"you removed or renamed this service in your compose "+
				"file, you can run this command with the "+
				"--remove-orphans flag to clean it up.", orphans.names())
		}
	}

	// Temporary implementation of use_api_socket until we get actual support inside docker engine
	project, err = s.useAPISocket(project)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return newConvergence(options.Services, observedState, networks, volumes, s).apply(ctx, project, options)
}

func prepareNetworks(project *types.Project) {
	for k, nw := range project.Networks {
		nw.CustomLabels = nw.CustomLabels.
			Add(api.NetworkLabel, k).
			Add(api.ProjectLabel, project.Name).
			Add(api.VersionLabel, api.ComposeVersion)
		project.Networks[k] = nw
	}
}

func (s *composeService) ensureNetworks(ctx context.Context, project *types.Project) (map[string]string, error) {
	networks := map[string]string{}
	for name, nw := range project.Networks {
		id, err := s.ensureNetwork(ctx, project, name, &nw)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		networks[name] = id
		project.Networks[name] = nw
	}
	return networks, nil
}

func (s *composeService) ensureProjectVolumes(ctx context.Context, project *types.Project) (map[string]string, error) {
	ids := map[string]string{}
	for k, volume := range project.Volumes {
		volume.CustomLabels = volume.CustomLabels.Add(api.VolumeLabel, k)
		volume.CustomLabels = volume.CustomLabels.Add(api.ProjectLabel, project.Name)
		volume.CustomLabels = volume.CustomLabels.Add(api.VersionLabel, api.ComposeVersion)
		id, err := s.ensureVolume(ctx, k, volume, project)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		ids[k] = id
	}

	return ids, nil
}

//nolint:gocyclo
func (s *composeService) getCreateConfigs(ctx context.Context,
	p *types.Project,
	service types.ServiceConfig,
	number int,
	inherit *container.Summary,
	opts createOptions,
) (createConfigs, error) {
	labels, err := s.prepareLabels(opts.Labels, service, number)
	if err != nil {
		return createConfigs{}, err
	}

	var runCmd, entrypoint []string
	if service.Command != nil {
		runCmd = service.Command
	}
	if service.Entrypoint != nil {
		entrypoint = service.Entrypoint
	}

	var (
		tty       = service.Tty
		stdinOpen = service.StdinOpen
	)

	proxyConfig := types.MappingWithEquals(s.configFile().ParseProxyConfig(s.apiClient().DaemonHost(), nil))
	env := proxyConfig.OverrideBy(service.Environment)

	var mainNwName string
	var mainNw *types.ServiceNetworkConfig
	if len(service.Networks) > 0 {
		mainNwName = service.NetworksByPriority()[0]
		mainNw = service.Networks[mainNwName]
	}

	if err := s.prepareContainerMACAddress(service, mainNw, mainNwName); err != nil {
		return createConfigs{}, err
	}

	healthcheck, err := s.ToMobyHealthCheck(ctx, service.HealthCheck)
	if err != nil {
		return createConfigs{}, err
	}

	exposedPorts, err := buildContainerPorts(service)
	if err != nil {
		return createConfigs{}, err
	}

	containerConfig := container.Config{
		Hostname:        service.Hostname,
		Domainname:      service.DomainName,
		User:            service.User,
		ExposedPorts:    exposedPorts,
		Tty:             tty,
		OpenStdin:       stdinOpen,
		StdinOnce:       opts.AttachStdin && stdinOpen,
		AttachStdin:     opts.AttachStdin,
		AttachStderr:    true,
		AttachStdout:    true,
		Cmd:             runCmd,
		Image:           api.GetImageNameOrDefault(service, p.Name),
		WorkingDir:      service.WorkingDir,
		Entrypoint:      entrypoint,
		NetworkDisabled: service.NetworkMode == "disabled",
		Labels:          labels,
		StopSignal:      service.StopSignal,
		Env:             ToMobyEnv(env),
		Healthcheck:     healthcheck,
		StopTimeout:     ToSeconds(service.StopGracePeriod),
	} // VOLUMES/MOUNTS/FILESYSTEMS
	tmpfs := map[string]string{}
	for _, t := range service.Tmpfs {
		k, v, _ := strings.Cut(t, ":")
		tmpfs[k] = v
	}
	binds, mounts, err := s.buildContainerVolumes(ctx, *p, service, inherit)
	if err != nil {
		return createConfigs{}, err
	}

	// NETWORKING
	links, err := s.getLinks(ctx, p.Name, service, number)
	if err != nil {
		return createConfigs{}, err
	}
	apiVersion, err := s.RuntimeAPIVersion(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return createConfigs{}, err
	}
	networkMode, networkingConfig, err := defaultNetworkSettings(p, service, number, links, opts.UseNetworkAliases, apiVersion)
	if err != nil {
		return createConfigs{}, err
	}
	portBindings, err := buildContainerPortBindingOptions(service)
	if err != nil {
		return createConfigs{}, err
	}

	// MISC
	resources := getDeployResources(service)
	var logConfig container.LogConfig
	if service.Logging != nil {
		logConfig = container.LogConfig{
			Type:   service.Logging.Driver,
			Config: service.Logging.Options,
		}
	}
	securityOpts, unconfined, err := parseSecurityOpts(p, service.SecurityOpt)
	if err != nil {
		return createConfigs{}, err
	}

	var dnsIPs []netip.Addr
	for _, d := range service.DNS {
		dnsIP, err := netip.ParseAddr(d)
		if err != nil {
			return createConfigs{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid DNS address: %w", err)
		}
		dnsIPs = append(dnsIPs, dnsIP)
	}

	hostConfig := container.HostConfig{
		AutoRemove:     opts.AutoRemove,
		Annotations:    service.Annotations,
		Binds:          binds,
		Mounts:         mounts,
		CapAdd:         service.CapAdd,
		CapDrop:        service.CapDrop,
		NetworkMode:    networkMode,
		Init:           service.Init,
		IpcMode:        container.IpcMode(service.Ipc),
		CgroupnsMode:   container.CgroupnsMode(service.Cgroup),
		ReadonlyRootfs: service.ReadOnly,
		RestartPolicy:  getRestartPolicy(service),
		ShmSize:        int64(service.ShmSize),
		Sysctls:        service.Sysctls,
		PortBindings:   portBindings,
		Resources:      resources,
		VolumeDriver:   service.VolumeDriver,
		VolumesFrom:    service.VolumesFrom,
		DNS:            dnsIPs,
		DNSSearch:      service.DNSSearch,
		DNSOptions:     service.DNSOpts,
		ExtraHosts:     service.ExtraHosts.AsList(":"),
		SecurityOpt:    securityOpts,
		StorageOpt:     service.StorageOpt,
		UsernsMode:     container.UsernsMode(service.UserNSMode),
		UTSMode:        container.UTSMode(service.Uts),
		Privileged:     service.Privileged,
		PidMode:        container.PidMode(service.Pid),
		Tmpfs:          tmpfs,
		Isolation:      container.Isolation(service.Isolation),
		Runtime:        service.Runtime,
		LogConfig:      logConfig,
		GroupAdd:       service.GroupAdd,
		Links:          links,
		OomScoreAdj:    int(service.OomScoreAdj),
	}

	if unconfined {
		hostConfig.MaskedPaths = []string{}
		hostConfig.ReadonlyPaths = []string{}
	}

	cfgs := createConfigs{
		Container: &containerConfig,
		Host:      &hostConfig,
		Network:   networkingConfig,
		Links:     links,
	}
	return cfgs, nil
}

// prepareContainerMACAddress handles the service-level mac_address field and the newer mac_address field added to service
// network config. This newer field is only compatible with the Engine API v1.44 (and onwards), and this API version
// also deprecates the container-wide mac_address field. Thus, this method will validate service config and mutate the
// passed mainNw to provide backward-compatibility whenever possible.
//
// It returns the container-wide MAC address, but this value will be kept empty for newer API versions.
func (s *composeService) prepareContainerMACAddress(service types.ServiceConfig, mainNw *types.ServiceNetworkConfig, nwName string) error {
	// Engine API 1.44 added support for endpoint-specific MAC address and now returns a warning when a MAC address is
	// set in container.Config. Thus, we have to jump through a number of hoops:
	//
	// 1. Top-level mac_address and main endpoint's MAC address should be the same ;
	// 2. If supported by the API, top-level mac_address should be migrated to the main endpoint and container.Config
	//    should be kept empty ;
	// 3. Otherwise, the endpoint mac_address should be set in container.Config and no other endpoint-specific
	//    mac_address can be specified. If that's the case, use top-level mac_address ;
	//
	// After that, if an endpoint mac_address is set, it's either user-defined or migrated by the code below, so
	// there's no need to check for API version in defaultNetworkSettings.
	macAddress := service.MacAddress
	if macAddress != "" && mainNw != nil && mainNw.MacAddress != "" && mainNw.MacAddress != macAddress {
		return fmt.Errorf("the service-level mac_address should have the same value as network %s", nwName)
	}
	if mainNw != nil && mainNw.MacAddress == "" {
		mainNw.MacAddress = macAddress
	}
	return nil
}

func getAliases(project *types.Project, service types.ServiceConfig, serviceIndex int, cfg *types.ServiceNetworkConfig, useNetworkAliases bool) []string {
	aliases := []string{getContainerName(project.Name, service, serviceIndex)}
	if useNetworkAliases {
		aliases = append(aliases, service.Name)
		if cfg != nil {
			aliases = append(aliases, cfg.Aliases...)
		}
	}
	return aliases
}

func createEndpointSettings(p *types.Project, service types.ServiceConfig, serviceIndex int, networkKey string, links []string, useNetworkAliases bool) (*network.EndpointSettings, error) {
	const ifname = "com.docker.network.endpoint.ifname"

	config := service.Networks[networkKey]
	var ipam *network.EndpointIPAMConfig
	var (
		ipv4Address netip.Addr
		ipv6Address netip.Addr
		macAddress  string
		driverOpts  types.Options
		gwPriority  int
	)
	if config != nil {
		var err error
		if config.Ipv4Address != "" {
			ipv4Address, err = netip.ParseAddr(config.Ipv4Address)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid IPv4 address: %w", err)
			}
		}
		if config.Ipv6Address != "" {
			ipv6Address, err = netip.ParseAddr(config.Ipv6Address)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid IPv6 address: %w", err)
			}
		}
		var linkLocalIPs []netip.Addr
		for _, link := range config.LinkLocalIPs {
			if link == "" {
				continue
			}
			llIP, err := netip.ParseAddr(link)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid link-local IP: %w", err)
			}
			linkLocalIPs = append(linkLocalIPs, llIP)
		}

		ipam = &network.EndpointIPAMConfig{
			IPv4Address:  ipv4Address.Unmap(),
			IPv6Address:  ipv6Address,
			LinkLocalIPs: linkLocalIPs,
		}
		macAddress = config.MacAddress
		driverOpts = config.DriverOpts
		if config.InterfaceName != "" {
			if driverOpts == nil {
				driverOpts = map[string]string{}
			}
			if name, ok := driverOpts[ifname]; ok && name != config.InterfaceName {
				logrus.Warnf("ignoring services.%s.networks.%s.interface_name as %s driver_opts is already declared", service.Name, networkKey, ifname)
			}
			driverOpts[ifname] = config.InterfaceName
		}
		gwPriority = config.GatewayPriority
	}
	var ma network.HardwareAddr
	if macAddress != "" {
		var err error
		ma, err = parseMACAddr(macAddress)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

	return &network.EndpointSettings{
		Aliases:     getAliases(p, service, serviceIndex, config, useNetworkAliases),
		Links:       links,
		IPAddress:   ipv4Address,
		IPv6Gateway: ipv6Address,
		IPAMConfig:  ipam,
		MacAddress:  ma,
		DriverOpts:  driverOpts,
		GwPriority:  gwPriority,
	}, nil
}

// copy/pasted from https://github.com/docker/cli/blob/9de1b162f/cli/command/container/opts.go#L673-L697 + RelativePath
// TODO find so way to share this code with docker/cli
func parseSecurityOpts(p *types.Project, securityOpts []string) ([]string, bool, error) {
	var (
		unconfined bool
		parsed     []string
	)
	for _, opt := range securityOpts {
		if opt == "systempaths=unconfined" {
			unconfined = true
			continue
		}
		con := strings.SplitN(opt, "=", 2)
		if len(con) == 1 && con[0] != "no-new-privileges" {
			if strings.Contains(opt, ":") {
				con = strings.SplitN(opt, ":", 2)
			} else {
				return securityOpts, false, fmt.Errorf("invalid security-opt: %q", opt)
			}
		}
		if con[0] == "seccomp" && con[1] != "unconfined" && con[1] != "builtin" {
			f, err := os.ReadFile(p.RelativePath(con[1]))
			if err != nil {
				return securityOpts, false, fmt.Errorf("opening seccomp profile (%s) failed: %w", con[1], err)
			}
			b := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
			if err := json.Compact(b, f); err != nil {
				return securityOpts, false, fmt.Errorf("compacting json for seccomp profile (%s) failed: %w", con[1], err)
			}
			parsed = append(parsed, fmt.Sprintf("seccomp=%s", b.Bytes()))
		} else {
			parsed = append(parsed, opt)
		}
	}

	return parsed, unconfined, nil
}

func (s *composeService) prepareLabels(labels types.Labels, service types.ServiceConfig, number int) (map[string]string, error) {
	hash, err := ServiceHash(service)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	labels[api.ConfigHashLabel] = hash

	if number > 0 {
		// One-off containers are not indexed
		labels[api.ContainerNumberLabel] = strconv.Itoa(number)
	}

	var dependencies []string
	for s, d := range service.DependsOn {
		dependencies = append(dependencies, fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s:%t", s, d.Condition, d.Restart))
	}
	labels[api.DependenciesLabel] = strings.Join(dependencies, ",")
	return labels, nil
}

// defaultNetworkSettings determines the container.NetworkMode and corresponding network.NetworkingConfig (nil if not applicable).
func defaultNetworkSettings(project *types.Project,
	service types.ServiceConfig, serviceIndex int,
	links []string, useNetworkAliases bool,
	version string,
) (container.NetworkMode, *network.NetworkingConfig, error) {
	if service.NetworkMode != "" {
		return container.NetworkMode(service.NetworkMode), nil, nil
	}

	if len(project.Networks) == 0 {
		return network.NetworkNone, nil, nil
	}

	if versions.LessThan(version, apiVersion149) {
		for _, config := range service.Networks {
			if config != nil && config.InterfaceName != "" {
				return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("interface_name requires Docker Engine %s or later", DockerEngineV28_1)
			}
		}
	}

	serviceNetworks := service.NetworksByPriority()
	primaryNetworkKey := "default"
	if len(serviceNetworks) > 0 {
		primaryNetworkKey = serviceNetworks[0]
		serviceNetworks = serviceNetworks[1:]
	}

	primaryNetworkEndpoint, err := createEndpointSettings(project, service, serviceIndex, primaryNetworkKey, links, useNetworkAliases)
	if err != nil {
		return "", nil, err
	}
	if primaryNetworkEndpoint.MacAddress.String() == "" {
		primaryNetworkEndpoint.MacAddress, err = parseMACAddr(service.MacAddress)
		if err != nil {
			return "", nil, err
		}
	}

	primaryNetworkMobyNetworkName := project.Networks[primaryNetworkKey].Name
	endpointsConfig := map[string]*network.EndpointSettings{
		primaryNetworkMobyNetworkName: primaryNetworkEndpoint,
	}

	// Starting from API version 1.44, the Engine will take several EndpointsConfigs
	// so we can pass all the extra networks we want the container to be connected to
	// in the network configuration instead of connecting the container to each extra
	// network individually after creation.
	for _, networkKey := range serviceNetworks {
		epSettings, err := createEndpointSettings(project, service, serviceIndex, networkKey, links, useNetworkAliases)
		if err != nil {
			return "", nil, err
		}
		mobyNetworkName := project.Networks[networkKey].Name
		endpointsConfig[mobyNetworkName] = epSettings
	}

	networkConfig := &network.NetworkingConfig{
		EndpointsConfig: endpointsConfig,
	}

	// From the Engine API docs:
	// > Supported standard values are: bridge, host, none, and container:<name|id>.
	// > Any other value is taken as a custom network's name to which this container should connect to.
	return container.NetworkMode(primaryNetworkMobyNetworkName), networkConfig, nil
}

func getRestartPolicy(service types.ServiceConfig) container.RestartPolicy {
	var restart container.RestartPolicy
	if service.Restart != "" {
		name, num, ok := strings.Cut(service.Restart, ":")
		var attempts int
		if ok {
			attempts, _ = strconv.Atoi(num)
		}
		restart = container.RestartPolicy{
			Name:              mapRestartPolicyCondition(name),
			MaximumRetryCount: attempts,
		}
	}
	if service.Deploy != nil && service.Deploy.RestartPolicy != nil {
		policy := *service.Deploy.RestartPolicy
		var attempts int
		if policy.MaxAttempts != nil {
			attempts = int(*policy.MaxAttempts)
		}
		restart = container.RestartPolicy{
			Name:              mapRestartPolicyCondition(policy.Condition),
			MaximumRetryCount: attempts,
		}
	}
	return restart
}

func mapRestartPolicyCondition(condition string) container.RestartPolicyMode {
	// map definitions of deploy.restart_policy to engine definitions
	switch condition {
	case "none", "no":
		return container.RestartPolicyDisabled
	case "on-failure":
		return container.RestartPolicyOnFailure
	case "unless-stopped":
		return container.RestartPolicyUnlessStopped
	case "any", "always":
		return container.RestartPolicyAlways
	default:
		return container.RestartPolicyMode(condition)
	}
}

func getDeployResources(s types.ServiceConfig) container.Resources {
	var swappiness *int64
	if s.MemSwappiness != 0 {
		val := int64(s.MemSwappiness)
		swappiness = &val
	}
	resources := container.Resources{
		CgroupParent:       s.CgroupParent,
		Memory:             int64(s.MemLimit),
		MemorySwap:         int64(s.MemSwapLimit),
		MemorySwappiness:   swappiness,
		MemoryReservation:  int64(s.MemReservation),
		OomKillDisable:     &s.OomKillDisable,
		CPUCount:           s.CPUCount,
		CPUPeriod:          s.CPUPeriod,
		CPUQuota:           s.CPUQuota,
		CPURealtimePeriod:  s.CPURTPeriod,
		CPURealtimeRuntime: s.CPURTRuntime,
		CPUShares:          s.CPUShares,
		NanoCPUs:           int64(s.CPUS * 1e9),
		CPUPercent:         int64(s.CPUPercent * 100),
		CpusetCpus:         s.CPUSet,
		DeviceCgroupRules:  s.DeviceCgroupRules,
	}

	if s.PidsLimit != 0 {
		resources.PidsLimit = &s.PidsLimit
	}

	setBlkio(s.BlkioConfig, &resources)

	if s.Deploy != nil {
		setLimits(s.Deploy.Resources.Limits, &resources)
		setReservations(s.Deploy.Resources.Reservations, &resources)
	}

	var cdiDeviceNames []string
	for _, device := range s.Devices {

		if device.Source == device.Target && cdi.IsQualifiedName(device.Source) {
			cdiDeviceNames = append(cdiDeviceNames, device.Source)
			continue
		}

		resources.Devices = append(resources.Devices, container.DeviceMapping{
			PathOnHost:        device.Source,
			PathInContainer:   device.Target,
			CgroupPermissions: device.Permissions,
		})
	}

	if len(cdiDeviceNames) > 0 {
		resources.DeviceRequests = append(resources.DeviceRequests, container.DeviceRequest{
			Driver:    "cdi",
			DeviceIDs: cdiDeviceNames,
		})
	}

	for _, gpus := range s.Gpus {
		resources.DeviceRequests = append(resources.DeviceRequests, container.DeviceRequest{
			Driver:       gpus.Driver,
			Count:        int(gpus.Count),
			DeviceIDs:    gpus.IDs,
			Capabilities: [][]string{append(gpus.Capabilities, "gpu")},
			Options:      gpus.Options,
		})
	}

	ulimits := toUlimits(s.Ulimits)
	resources.Ulimits = ulimits
	return resources
}

func toUlimits(m map[string]*types.UlimitsConfig) []*container.Ulimit {
	var ulimits []*container.Ulimit
	for name, u := range m {
		soft := u.Single
		if u.Soft != 0 {
			soft = u.Soft
		}
		hard := u.Single
		if u.Hard != 0 {
			hard = u.Hard
		}
		ulimits = append(ulimits, &container.Ulimit{
			Name: name,
			Hard: int64(hard),
			Soft: int64(soft),
		})
	}
	return ulimits
}

func setReservations(reservations *types.Resource, resources *container.Resources) {
	if reservations == nil {
		return
	}
	// Cpu reservation is a swarm option and PIDs is only a limit
	// So we only need to map memory reservation and devices
	if reservations.MemoryBytes != 0 {
		resources.MemoryReservation = int64(reservations.MemoryBytes)
	}

	for _, device := range reservations.Devices {
		resources.DeviceRequests = append(resources.DeviceRequests, container.DeviceRequest{
			Capabilities: [][]string{device.Capabilities},
			Count:        int(device.Count),
			DeviceIDs:    device.IDs,
			Driver:       device.Driver,
			Options:      device.Options,
		})
	}
}

func setLimits(limits *types.Resource, resources *container.Resources) {
	if limits == nil {
		return
	}
	if limits.MemoryBytes != 0 {
		resources.Memory = int64(limits.MemoryBytes)
	}
	if limits.NanoCPUs != 0 {
		resources.NanoCPUs = int64(limits.NanoCPUs * 1e9)
	}
	if limits.Pids > 0 {
		resources.PidsLimit = &limits.Pids
	}
}

func setBlkio(blkio *types.BlkioConfig, resources *container.Resources) {
	if blkio == nil {
		return
	}
	resources.BlkioWeight = blkio.Weight
	for _, b := range blkio.WeightDevice {
		resources.BlkioWeightDevice = append(resources.BlkioWeightDevice, &blkiodev.WeightDevice{
			Path:   b.Path,
			Weight: b.Weight,
		})
	}
	for _, b := range blkio.DeviceReadBps {
		resources.BlkioDeviceReadBps = append(resources.BlkioDeviceReadBps, &blkiodev.ThrottleDevice{
			Path: b.Path,
			Rate: uint64(b.Rate),
		})
	}
	for _, b := range blkio.DeviceReadIOps {
		resources.BlkioDeviceReadIOps = append(resources.BlkioDeviceReadIOps, &blkiodev.ThrottleDevice{
			Path: b.Path,
			Rate: uint64(b.Rate),
		})
	}
	for _, b := range blkio.DeviceWriteBps {
		resources.BlkioDeviceWriteBps = append(resources.BlkioDeviceWriteBps, &blkiodev.ThrottleDevice{
			Path: b.Path,
			Rate: uint64(b.Rate),
		})
	}
	for _, b := range blkio.DeviceWriteIOps {
		resources.BlkioDeviceWriteIOps = append(resources.BlkioDeviceWriteIOps, &blkiodev.ThrottleDevice{
			Path: b.Path,
			Rate: uint64(b.Rate),
		})
	}
}

func buildContainerPorts(s types.ServiceConfig) (network.PortSet, error) {
	// Add published ports as exposed ports.
	exposedPorts := network.PortSet{}
	for _, p := range s.Ports {
		np, err := network.ParsePort(fmt.Sprintf("%d/%s", p.Target, p.Protocol))
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		exposedPorts[np] = struct{}{}
	}

	// Merge in exposed ports to the map of published ports
	for _, e := range s.Expose {
		// support two formats for expose, original format <portnum>/[<proto>]
		// or <startport-endport>/[<proto>]
		pr, err := network.ParsePortRange(e)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		// parse the start and end port and create a sequence of ports to expose
		// if expose a port, the start and end port are the same
		for p := range pr.All() {
			exposedPorts[p] = struct{}{}
		}
	}
	return exposedPorts, nil
}

func buildContainerPortBindingOptions(s types.ServiceConfig) (network.PortMap, error) {
	bindings := network.PortMap{}
	for _, port := range s.Ports {
		var err error
		p, err := network.ParsePort(fmt.Sprintf("%d/%s", port.Target, port.Protocol))
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		var hostIP netip.Addr
		if port.HostIP != "" {
			hostIP, err = netip.ParseAddr(port.HostIP)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
		}
		bindings[p] = append(bindings[p], network.PortBinding{
			HostIP:   hostIP,
			HostPort: port.Published,
		})
	}
	return bindings, nil
}

func getDependentServiceFromMode(mode string) string {
	if strings.HasPrefix(
		mode,
		types.NetworkModeServicePrefix,
	) {
		return mode[len(types.NetworkModeServicePrefix):]
	}
	return ""
}

func (s *composeService) buildContainerVolumes(
	ctx context.Context,
	p types.Project,
	service types.ServiceConfig,
	inherit *container.Summary,
) ([]string, []mount.Mount, error) {
	var mounts []mount.Mount
	var binds []string

	mountOptions, err := s.buildContainerMountOptions(ctx, p, service, inherit)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	for _, m := range mountOptions {
		switch m.Type {
		case mount.TypeBind:
			// `Mount` is preferred but does not offer option to created host path if missing
			// so `Bind` API is used here with raw volume string
			// see https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/43483
			v := findVolumeByTarget(service.Volumes, m.Target)
			if v != nil {
				if v.Type != types.VolumeTypeBind {
					v.Source = m.Source
				}
				if !bindRequiresMountAPI(v.Bind) {
					source := m.Source
					if vol := findVolumeByName(p.Volumes, m.Source); vol != nil {
						source = m.Source
					}
					binds = append(binds, toBindString(source, v))
					continue
				}
			}
		case mount.TypeVolume:
			v := findVolumeByTarget(service.Volumes, m.Target)
			vol := findVolumeByName(p.Volumes, m.Source)
			if v != nil && vol != nil {
				// Prefer the bind API if no advanced option is used, to preserve backward compatibility
				if !volumeRequiresMountAPI(v.Volume) {
					binds = append(binds, toBindString(vol.Name, v))
					continue
				}
			}
		case mount.TypeImage:
			// The daemon validates image mounts against the negotiated API version
			// from the request path, not the server's own max version.
			version, err := s.RuntimeAPIVersion(ctx)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, nil, err
			}
			if versions.LessThan(version, apiVersion148) {
				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("volume with type=image require Docker Engine %s or later", dockerEngineV28)
			}
		}
		mounts = append(mounts, m)
	}
	return binds, mounts, nil
}

func toBindString(name string, v *types.ServiceVolumeConfig) string {
	access := "rw"
	if v.ReadOnly {
		access = "ro"
	}
	options := []string{access}
	if v.Bind != nil && v.Bind.SELinux != "" {
		options = append(options, v.Bind.SELinux)
	}
	if v.Bind != nil && v.Bind.Propagation != "" {
		options = append(options, v.Bind.Propagation)
	}
	if v.Volume != nil && v.Volume.NoCopy {
		options = append(options, "nocopy")
	}
	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s:%s", name, v.Target, strings.Join(options, ","))
}

func findVolumeByName(volumes types.Volumes, name string) *types.VolumeConfig {
	for _, vol := range volumes {
		if vol.Name == name {
			return &vol
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func findVolumeByTarget(volumes []types.ServiceVolumeConfig, target string) *types.ServiceVolumeConfig {
	for _, v := range volumes {
		if v.Target == target {
			return &v
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// bindRequiresMountAPI check if Bind declaration can be implemented by the plain old Bind API or uses any of the advanced
// options which require use of Mount API
func bindRequiresMountAPI(bind *types.ServiceVolumeBind) bool {
	switch {
	case bind == nil:
		return false
	case !bool(bind.CreateHostPath):
		return true
	case bind.Propagation != "":
		return true
	case bind.Recursive != "":
		return true
	default:
		return false
	}
}

// volumeRequiresMountAPI check if Volume declaration can be implemented by the plain old Bind API or uses any of the advanced
// options which require use of Mount API
func volumeRequiresMountAPI(vol *types.ServiceVolumeVolume) bool {
	switch {
	case vol == nil:
		return false
	case len(vol.Labels) > 0:
		return true
	case vol.Subpath != "":
		return true
	case vol.NoCopy:
		return true
	default:
		return false
	}
}

func (s *composeService) buildContainerMountOptions(ctx context.Context, p types.Project, service types.ServiceConfig, inherit *container.Summary) ([]mount.Mount, error) {
	mounts := map[string]mount.Mount{}
	if inherit != nil {
		for _, m := range inherit.Mounts {
			if m.Type == "tmpfs" {
				continue
			}
			src := m.Source
			if m.Type == "volume" {
				src = m.Name
			}

			img, err := s.apiClient().ImageInspect(ctx, api.GetImageNameOrDefault(service, p.Name))
			if err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}

			if img.Config != nil {
				if _, ok := img.Config.Volumes[m.Destination]; ok {
					// inherit previous container's anonymous volume
					mounts[m.Destination] = mount.Mount{
						Type:     m.Type,
						Source:   src,
						Target:   m.Destination,
						ReadOnly: !m.RW,
					}
				}
			}
			volumes := []types.ServiceVolumeConfig{}
			for _, v := range service.Volumes {
				if v.Target != m.Destination || v.Source != "" {
					volumes = append(volumes, v)
					continue
				}
				// inherit previous container's anonymous volume
				mounts[m.Destination] = mount.Mount{
					Type:     m.Type,
					Source:   src,
					Target:   m.Destination,
					ReadOnly: !m.RW,
				}
			}
			service.Volumes = volumes
		}
	}

	mounts, err := fillBindMounts(p, service, mounts)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	values := make([]mount.Mount, 0, len(mounts))
	for _, v := range mounts {
		values = append(values, v)
	}
	return values, nil
}

func fillBindMounts(p types.Project, s types.ServiceConfig, m map[string]mount.Mount) (map[string]mount.Mount, error) {
	for _, v := range s.Volumes {
		bindMount, err := buildMount(p, v)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		m[bindMount.Target] = bindMount
	}

	secrets, err := buildContainerSecretMounts(p, s)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	for _, s := range secrets {
		if _, found := m[s.Target]; found {
			continue
		}
		m[s.Target] = s
	}

	configs, err := buildContainerConfigMounts(p, s)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	for _, c := range configs {
		if _, found := m[c.Target]; found {
			continue
		}
		m[c.Target] = c
	}
	return m, nil
}

func buildContainerConfigMounts(p types.Project, s types.ServiceConfig) ([]mount.Mount, error) {
	mounts := map[string]mount.Mount{}

	configsBaseDir := "/"
	for _, config := range s.Configs {
		target := config.Target
		if config.Target == "" {
			target = configsBaseDir + config.Source
		} else if !isAbsTarget(config.Target) {
			target = configsBaseDir + config.Target
		}

		definedConfig := p.Configs[config.Source]
		if definedConfig.External {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported external config %s", definedConfig.Name)
		}

		if definedConfig.Driver != "" {
			return nil, errors.New("Docker Compose does not support configs.*.driver") //nolint:staticcheck
		}
		if definedConfig.TemplateDriver != "" {
			return nil, errors.New("Docker Compose does not support configs.*.template_driver") //nolint:staticcheck
		}

		if definedConfig.Environment != "" || definedConfig.Content != "" {
			continue
		}

		if config.UID != "" || config.GID != "" || config.Mode != nil {
			logrus.Warn("config `uid`, `gid` and `mode` are not supported, they will be ignored")
		}

		bindMount, err := buildMount(p, types.ServiceVolumeConfig{
			Type:     types.VolumeTypeBind,
			Source:   definedConfig.File,
			Target:   target,
			ReadOnly: true,
		})
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		mounts[target] = bindMount
	}
	values := make([]mount.Mount, 0, len(mounts))
	for _, v := range mounts {
		values = append(values, v)
	}
	return values, nil
}

func buildContainerSecretMounts(p types.Project, s types.ServiceConfig) ([]mount.Mount, error) {
	mounts := map[string]mount.Mount{}

	secretsDir := "/run/secrets/"
	for _, secret := range s.Secrets {
		target := secret.Target
		if secret.Target == "" {
			target = secretsDir + secret.Source
		} else if !isAbsTarget(secret.Target) {
			target = secretsDir + secret.Target
		}

		definedSecret := p.Secrets[secret.Source]
		if definedSecret.External {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported external secret %s", definedSecret.Name)
		}

		if definedSecret.Driver != "" {
			return nil, errors.New("Docker Compose does not support secrets.*.driver") //nolint:staticcheck
		}
		if definedSecret.TemplateDriver != "" {
			return nil, errors.New("Docker Compose does not support secrets.*.template_driver") //nolint:staticcheck
		}

		if definedSecret.Environment != "" {
			continue
		}

		if secret.UID != "" || secret.GID != "" || secret.Mode != nil {
			logrus.Warn("secrets `uid`, `gid` and `mode` are not supported, they will be ignored")
		}

		if _, err := os.Stat(definedSecret.File); os.IsNotExist(err) {
			logrus.Warnf("secret file %s does not exist", definedSecret.Name)
		}

		mnt, err := buildMount(p, types.ServiceVolumeConfig{
			Type:     types.VolumeTypeBind,
			Source:   definedSecret.File,
			Target:   target,
			ReadOnly: true,
			Bind: &types.ServiceVolumeBind{
				CreateHostPath: false,
			},
		})
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		mounts[target] = mnt
	}
	values := make([]mount.Mount, 0, len(mounts))
	for _, v := range mounts {
		values = append(values, v)
	}
	return values, nil
}

func isAbsTarget(p string) bool {
	return isUnixAbs(p) || isWindowsAbs(p)
}

func isUnixAbs(p string) bool {
	return strings.HasPrefix(p, "/")
}

func isWindowsAbs(p string) bool {
	return paths.IsWindowsAbs(p)
}

func buildMount(project types.Project, volume types.ServiceVolumeConfig) (mount.Mount, error) {
	source := volume.Source
	switch volume.Type {
	case types.VolumeTypeBind:
		if !filepath.IsAbs(source) && !isUnixAbs(source) && !isWindowsAbs(source) {
			// volume source has already been prefixed with workdir if required, by compose-go project loader
			var err error
			source, err = filepath.Abs(source)
			if err != nil {
				return mount.Mount{}, err
			}
		}
	case types.VolumeTypeVolume:
		if volume.Source != "" {
			pVolume, ok := project.Volumes[volume.Source]
			if ok {
				source = pVolume.Name
			}
		}
	}

	bind, vol, tmpfs, img := buildMountOptions(volume)

	if bind != nil {
		volume.Type = types.VolumeTypeBind
	}

	return mount.Mount{
		Type:          mount.Type(volume.Type),
		Source:        source,
		Target:        volume.Target,
		ReadOnly:      volume.ReadOnly,
		Consistency:   mount.Consistency(volume.Consistency),
		BindOptions:   bind,
		VolumeOptions: vol,
		TmpfsOptions:  tmpfs,
		ImageOptions:  img,
	}, nil
}

func buildMountOptions(volume types.ServiceVolumeConfig) (*mount.BindOptions, *mount.VolumeOptions, *mount.TmpfsOptions, *mount.ImageOptions) {
	if volume.Type != types.VolumeTypeBind && volume.Bind != nil {
		logrus.Warnf("mount of type `%s` should not define `bind` option", volume.Type)
	}
	if volume.Type != types.VolumeTypeVolume && volume.Volume != nil {
		logrus.Warnf("mount of type `%s` should not define `volume` option", volume.Type)
	}
	if volume.Type != types.VolumeTypeTmpfs && volume.Tmpfs != nil {
		logrus.Warnf("mount of type `%s` should not define `tmpfs` option", volume.Type)
	}
	if volume.Type != types.VolumeTypeImage && volume.Image != nil {
		logrus.Warnf("mount of type `%s` should not define `image` option", volume.Type)
	}

	switch volume.Type {
	case "bind":
		return buildBindOption(volume.Bind), nil, nil, nil
	case "volume":
		return nil, buildVolumeOptions(volume.Volume), nil, nil
	case "tmpfs":
		return nil, nil, buildTmpfsOptions(volume.Tmpfs), nil
	case "image":
		return nil, nil, nil, buildImageOptions(volume.Image)
	}
	return nil, nil, nil, nil
}

func buildBindOption(bind *types.ServiceVolumeBind) *mount.BindOptions {
	if bind == nil {
		return nil
	}
	opts := &mount.BindOptions{
		Propagation:      mount.Propagation(bind.Propagation),
		CreateMountpoint: bool(bind.CreateHostPath),
	}
	switch bind.Recursive {
	case "disabled":
		opts.NonRecursive = true
	case "writable":
		opts.ReadOnlyNonRecursive = true
	case "readonly":
		opts.ReadOnlyForceRecursive = true
	}
	return opts
}

func buildVolumeOptions(vol *types.ServiceVolumeVolume) *mount.VolumeOptions {
	if vol == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return &mount.VolumeOptions{
		NoCopy:  vol.NoCopy,
		Subpath: vol.Subpath,
		Labels:  vol.Labels,
		// DriverConfig: , // FIXME missing from model ?
	}
}

func buildTmpfsOptions(tmpfs *types.ServiceVolumeTmpfs) *mount.TmpfsOptions {
	if tmpfs == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return &mount.TmpfsOptions{
		SizeBytes: int64(tmpfs.Size),
		Mode:      os.FileMode(tmpfs.Mode),
	}
}

func buildImageOptions(image *types.ServiceVolumeImage) *mount.ImageOptions {
	if image == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return &mount.ImageOptions{
		Subpath: image.SubPath,
	}
}

func (s *composeService) ensureNetwork(ctx context.Context, project *types.Project, name string, n *types.NetworkConfig) (string, error) {
	if n.External {
		return s.resolveExternalNetwork(ctx, n)
	}

	id, err := s.resolveOrCreateNetwork(ctx, project, name, n)
	if errdefs.IsConflict(err) {
		// Maybe another execution of `docker compose up|run` created same network
		// let's retry once
		return s.resolveOrCreateNetwork(ctx, project, name, n)
	}
	return id, err
}

func (s *composeService) resolveOrCreateNetwork(ctx context.Context, project *types.Project, name string, n *types.NetworkConfig) (string, error) { //nolint:gocyclo
	// This is containers that could be left after a diverged network was removed
	var dangledContainers Containers

	// First, try to find a unique network matching by name or ID
	res, err := s.apiClient().NetworkInspect(ctx, n.Name, client.NetworkInspectOptions{})
	if err == nil {
		inspect := res.Network
		// NetworkInspect will match on ID prefix, so double check we get the expected one
		// as looking for network named `db` we could erroneously match network ID `db9086999caf`
		if inspect.Name == n.Name || inspect.ID == n.Name {
			p, ok := inspect.Labels[api.ProjectLabel]
			if !ok {
				logrus.Warnf("a network with name %s exists but was not created by compose.\n"+
					"Set `external: true` to use an existing network", n.Name)
			} else if p != project.Name {
				logrus.Warnf("a network with name %s exists but was not created for project %q.\n"+
					"Set `external: true` to use an existing network", n.Name, project.Name)
			}
			if inspect.Labels[api.NetworkLabel] != name {
				return "", fmt.Errorf(
					"network %s was found but has incorrect label %s set to %q (expected: %q)",
					n.Name,
					api.NetworkLabel,
					inspect.Labels[api.NetworkLabel],
					name,
				)
			}

			hash := inspect.Labels[api.ConfigHashLabel]
			expected, err := NetworkHash(n)
			if err != nil {
				return "", err
			}
			if hash == "" || hash == expected {
				return inspect.ID, nil
			}

			dangledContainers, err = s.removeDivergedNetwork(ctx, project, name, n)
			if err != nil {
				return "", err
			}
		}
	}
	// ignore other errors. Typically, an ambiguous request by name results in some generic `invalidParameter` error

	// Either not found, or name is ambiguous - use NetworkList to list by name
	nwList, err := s.apiClient().NetworkList(ctx, client.NetworkListOptions{
		Filters: make(client.Filters).Add("name", n.Name),
	})
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	// NetworkList Matches all or part of a network name, so we have to filter for a strict match
	networks := slices.DeleteFunc(nwList.Items, func(net network.Summary) bool {
		return net.Name != n.Name
	})

	for _, nw := range networks {
		if nw.Labels[api.ProjectLabel] == project.Name &&
			nw.Labels[api.NetworkLabel] == name {
			return nw.ID, nil
		}
	}

	// we could have set NetworkList with a projectFilter and networkFilter but not doing so allows to catch this
	// scenario were a network with same name exists but doesn't have label, and use of `CheckDuplicate: true`
	// prevents to create another one.
	if len(networks) > 0 {
		logrus.Warnf("a network with name %s exists but was not created by compose.\n"+
			"Set `external: true` to use an existing network", n.Name)
		return networks[0].ID, nil
	}

	var ipam *network.IPAM
	if n.Ipam.Config != nil {
		var config []network.IPAMConfig
		for _, pool := range n.Ipam.Config {
			c, err := parseIPAMPool(pool)
			if err != nil {
				return "", err
			}
			config = append(config, c)
		}
		ipam = &network.IPAM{
			Driver: n.Ipam.Driver,
			Config: config,
		}
	}
	hash, err := NetworkHash(n)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	n.CustomLabels = n.CustomLabels.Add(api.ConfigHashLabel, hash)
	createOpts := client.NetworkCreateOptions{
		Labels:     mergeLabels(n.Labels, n.CustomLabels),
		Driver:     n.Driver,
		Options:    n.DriverOpts,
		Internal:   n.Internal,
		Attachable: n.Attachable,
		IPAM:       ipam,
		EnableIPv6: n.EnableIPv6,
		EnableIPv4: n.EnableIPv4,
	}

	if n.Ipam.Driver != "" || len(n.Ipam.Config) > 0 {
		createOpts.IPAM = &network.IPAM{}
	}

	if n.Ipam.Driver != "" {
		createOpts.IPAM.Driver = n.Ipam.Driver
	}

	for _, ipamConfig := range n.Ipam.Config {
		c, err := parseIPAMPool(ipamConfig)
		if err != nil {
			return "", err
		}
		createOpts.IPAM.Config = append(createOpts.IPAM.Config, c)
	}

	networkEventName := fmt.Sprintf("Network %s", n.Name)
	s.events.On(creatingEvent(networkEventName))

	resp, err := s.apiClient().NetworkCreate(ctx, n.Name, createOpts)
	if err != nil {
		s.events.On(errorEvent(networkEventName, err.Error()))
		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create network %s: %w", n.Name, err)
	}
	s.events.On(createdEvent(networkEventName))

	err = s.connectNetwork(ctx, n.Name, dangledContainers, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	return resp.ID, nil
}

func (s *composeService) removeDivergedNetwork(ctx context.Context, project *types.Project, name string, n *types.NetworkConfig) (Containers, error) {
	// Remove services attached to this network to force recreation
	var services []string
	for _, service := range project.Services.Filter(func(config types.ServiceConfig) bool {
		_, ok := config.Networks[name]
		return ok
	}) {
		services = append(services, service.Name)
	}

	// Stop containers so we can remove network
	// They will be restarted (actually: recreated) with the updated network
	err := s.stop(ctx, project.Name, api.StopOptions{
		Services: services,
		Project:  project,
	}, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	containers, err := s.getContainers(ctx, project.Name, oneOffExclude, true, services...)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	err = s.disconnectNetwork(ctx, n.Name, containers)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	_, err = s.apiClient().NetworkRemove(ctx, n.Name, client.NetworkRemoveOptions{})
	eventName := fmt.Sprintf("Network %s", n.Name)
	s.events.On(removedEvent(eventName))
	return containers, err
}

func (s *composeService) disconnectNetwork(
	ctx context.Context,
	nwName string,
	containers Containers,
) error {
	for _, c := range containers {
		_, err := s.apiClient().NetworkDisconnect(ctx, nwName, client.NetworkDisconnectOptions{
			Container: c.ID,
			Force:     true,
		})
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func (s *composeService) connectNetwork(
	ctx context.Context,
	nwName string,
	containers Containers,
	config *network.EndpointSettings,
) error {
	for _, c := range containers {
		_, err := s.apiClient().NetworkConnect(ctx, nwName, client.NetworkConnectOptions{
			Container:      c.ID,
			EndpointConfig: config,
		})
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func (s *composeService) resolveExternalNetwork(ctx context.Context, n *types.NetworkConfig) (string, error) {
	// NetworkInspect will match on ID prefix, so NetworkList with a name
	// filter is used to look for an exact match to prevent e.g. a network
	// named `db` from getting erroneously matched to a network with an ID
	// like `db9086999caf`
	res, err := s.apiClient().NetworkList(ctx, client.NetworkListOptions{
		Filters: make(client.Filters).Add("name", n.Name),
	})
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	networks := res.Items

	if len(networks) == 0 {
		// in this instance, n.Name is really an ID
		sn, err := s.apiClient().NetworkInspect(ctx, n.Name, client.NetworkInspectOptions{})
		if err == nil {
			networks = append(networks, network.Summary{Network: sn.Network.Network})
		} else if !errdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
			return "", err
		}
	}

	// NetworkList API doesn't return the exact name match, so we can retrieve more than one network with a request
	networks = slices.DeleteFunc(networks, func(net network.Summary) bool {
		// this function is called during the rebuild stage of `compose watch`.
		// we still require just one network back, but we need to run the search on the ID
		return net.Name != n.Name && net.ID != n.Name
	})

	switch len(networks) {
	case 1:
		return networks[0].ID, nil
	case 0:
		enabled, err := s.isSwarmEnabled(ctx)
		if err != nil {
			return "", err
		}
		if enabled {
			// Swarm nodes do not register overlay networks that were
			// created on a different node unless they're in use.
			// So we can't preemptively check network exists, but
			// networkAttach will later fail anyway if network actually doesn't exist
			return "swarm", nil
		}
		return "", fmt.Errorf("network %s declared as external, but could not be found", n.Name)
	default:
		return "", fmt.Errorf("multiple networks with name %q were found. Use network ID as `name` to avoid ambiguity", n.Name)
	}
}

func (s *composeService) ensureVolume(ctx context.Context, name string, volume types.VolumeConfig, project *types.Project) (string, error) {
	inspected, err := s.apiClient().VolumeInspect(ctx, volume.Name, client.VolumeInspectOptions{})
	if err != nil {
		if !errdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
			return "", err
		}
		if volume.External {
			return "", fmt.Errorf("external volume %q not found", volume.Name)
		}
		err = s.createVolume(ctx, volume)
		return volume.Name, err
	}

	if volume.External {
		return volume.Name, nil
	}

	// Volume exists with name, but let's double-check this is the expected one
	p, ok := inspected.Volume.Labels[api.ProjectLabel]
	if !ok {
		logrus.Warnf("volume %q already exists but was not created by Docker Compose. Use `external: true` to use an existing volume", volume.Name)
	}
	if ok && p != project.Name {
		logrus.Warnf("volume %q already exists but was created for project %q (expected %q). Use `external: true` to use an existing volume", volume.Name, p, project.Name)
	}

	expected, err := VolumeHash(volume)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	actual, ok := inspected.Volume.Labels[api.ConfigHashLabel]
	if ok && actual != expected {
		msg := fmt.Sprintf("Volume %q exists but doesn't match configuration in compose file. Recreate (data will be lost)?", volume.Name)
		confirm, err := s.prompt(msg, false)
		if err != nil {
			return "", err
		}
		if confirm {
			err = s.removeDivergedVolume(ctx, name, volume, project)
			if err != nil {
				return "", err
			}
			return volume.Name, s.createVolume(ctx, volume)
		}
	}
	return inspected.Volume.Name, nil
}

func (s *composeService) removeDivergedVolume(ctx context.Context, name string, volume types.VolumeConfig, project *types.Project) error {
	// Remove services mounting divergent volume
	var services []string
	for _, service := range project.Services.Filter(func(config types.ServiceConfig) bool {
		for _, cfg := range config.Volumes {
			if cfg.Source == name {
				return true
			}
		}
		return false
	}) {
		services = append(services, service.Name)
	}

	err := s.stop(ctx, project.Name, api.StopOptions{
		Services: services,
		Project:  project,
	}, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	containers, err := s.getContainers(ctx, project.Name, oneOffExclude, true, services...)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// FIXME (ndeloof) we have to remove container so we can recreate volume
	// but doing so we can't inherit anonymous volumes from previous instance
	err = s.remove(ctx, containers, api.RemoveOptions{
		Services: services,
		Project:  project,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	_, err = s.apiClient().VolumeRemove(ctx, volume.Name, client.VolumeRemoveOptions{
		Force: true,
	})
	return err
}

func (s *composeService) createVolume(ctx context.Context, volume types.VolumeConfig) error {
	eventName := fmt.Sprintf("Volume %s", volume.Name)
	s.events.On(creatingEvent(eventName))
	hash, err := VolumeHash(volume)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	volume.CustomLabels.Add(api.ConfigHashLabel, hash)
	_, err = s.apiClient().VolumeCreate(ctx, client.VolumeCreateOptions{
		Labels:     mergeLabels(volume.Labels, volume.CustomLabels),
		Name:       volume.Name,
		Driver:     volume.Driver,
		DriverOpts: volume.DriverOpts,
	})
	if err != nil {
		s.events.On(errorEvent(eventName, err.Error()))
		return err
	}
	s.events.On(createdEvent(eventName))
	return nil
}

func parseIPAMPool(pool *types.IPAMPool) (network.IPAMConfig, error) {
	var (
		err        error
		subNet     netip.Prefix
		ipRange    netip.Prefix
		gateway    netip.Addr
		auxAddress map[string]netip.Addr
	)
	if pool.Subnet != "" {
		subNet, err = netip.ParsePrefix(pool.Subnet)
		if err != nil {
			return network.IPAMConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid subnet: %w", err)
		}
	}
	if pool.IPRange != "" {
		ipRange, err = netip.ParsePrefix(pool.IPRange)
		if err != nil {
			return network.IPAMConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid ip-range: %w", err)
		}
	}
	if pool.Gateway != "" {
		gateway, err = netip.ParseAddr(pool.Gateway)
		if err != nil {
			return network.IPAMConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid gateway address: %w", err)
		}
	}
	if len(pool.AuxiliaryAddresses) > 0 {
		auxAddress = make(map[string]netip.Addr, len(pool.AuxiliaryAddresses))
		for auxName, addr := range pool.AuxiliaryAddresses {
			auxAddr, err := netip.ParseAddr(addr)
			if err != nil {
				return network.IPAMConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid auxiliary address: %w", err)
			}
			auxAddress[auxName] = auxAddr
		}

	}
	return network.IPAMConfig{
		Subnet:     subNet,
		IPRange:    ipRange,
		Gateway:    gateway,
		AuxAddress: auxAddress,
	}, nil
}

func parseMACAddr(macAddress string) (network.HardwareAddr, error) {
	if macAddress == "" {
		return nil, nil
	}
	m, err := net.ParseMAC(macAddress)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid MAC address: %w", err)
	}
	return network.HardwareAddr(m), nil
}